Male fertility represents one half of a couple’s fertility potential. Yet it gets much less press than female fertility. Learning about the many different male fertility tests may help a man and his partner face fertility problems better. This article will take you through what to expect with a male fertility test, what types of tests are done, and how to prepare for them.
Keypoints to understand Male Fertility test
1. Semen Analysis
Semen analysis is one of the most common tests used when assessing the fertility of men. Its basic principle involves the measurement of the quality and quantity of sperm in a sample of semen.
The Explanation for the Examination: A semen analysis gives crucial information about such features as the sperm count, motility, morphology, and the overall volume of semen. Abnormal results may show problems such as low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal sperm shape, all of which impact fertility adversely.
What to Expect:
Sample Collection: Semen samples are usually collected by masturbation in a private room at the clinic or the laboratory. Some private laboratories do offer home collection kits; however, the sample then needs to be delivered to the laboratory within the time constraints specified.
Semen Analysis: A semen sample is examined under a microscope in a laboratory. Some results may take several days to come through, and you should refrain from ejaculation for at least 2 to 5 days before the test.
2. Hormone Testing
What It Is: Hormone testing measures the levels of hormones that control sperm production and overall reproductive health. This test measures testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone.
Why It’s Important: Hormonal imbalances might affect sperm production and, as such, one’s fertility. For example, low levels of testosterone can have an impact on the production of sperm, whereas high levels of FSH and LH may indicate problems with the testicles or the pituitary gland.
What to Expect:
Blood Draw: A sample of blood is taken, most often from a vein in your arm. Although the level of hormones can be tested at any time, your doctor may ask to get your blood tested at certain times depending upon the problem that you are facing or perhaps follow up with some treatment plan.
Results and Follow-Up: Depending on which hormones are tested, it may take anywhere from a few days to several weeks to get the test results. If hormonal imbalances are found, more testing may be discussed or various treatment options explored.
3. Genetic Testing
What It Is: Genetic testing searches for possible chromosomal irregularities or altered genes in the DNA that can affect your fertility.
Why This Is Important: Some genetic conditions, such as Klinefelter syndrome and Y chromosome microdeletions, can impact how much sperm your body makes and can influence potential issues with fertility. Finding such conditions can lead one to decide toward the possibility of treatment choices and different fertility-related possibilities.
What You Can Expect:
Sample Collection: Genetic testing usually involves a blood sample or cheek swab for analyzing the DNA.
Analysis: The sample will be taken to the laboratory where it will be tested for the presence of specific genetic markers or abnormalities. It may take weeks for the results to be done.
4. Ultrasound Examination
What is it: Using high-frequency sound waves, imaging of the testicles and surrounding structures is created in a scrotal ultrasound.
Why It’s Important: Ultrasound can be used to detect structural problems such as varicoceles (engorged veins in the scrotum), tumors, or other abnormalities in the testicles and epididymis, all of which in some cases could be compromising fertility.
What to Expect:
The ultrasound is non-invasive, and you will not experience any pain. You will be asked to lie down on an examination table, and a gel will be applied over the scrotum. A small probe is moved over the area to take images.
Results: A radiologist will read the images, which will generally be available in a few days.
For more references like this : Fertility Workup
